語(yǔ)法 grammar 句法 syntax 詞法 morphology 結(jié)構(gòu) structure 層次 rank 句子 sentence 從句 clause 詞組 phrase 詞類 part of speech 單詞 word 實(shí)詞 notional word 虛詞 structural word 單純?cè)~simple word 派生詞derivative 復(fù)合詞compound 詞性part of speech 名詞 noun 專有名詞 proper noun 普通名詞 common noun 可數(shù)名詞 countable noun 不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun 抽象名詞 abstract noun 具體名詞 concret noun 物質(zhì)名詞 material noun 集體名詞 collective noun 個(gè)體名詞 individual noun 介詞 preposition 連詞 conjunction 動(dòng)詞 verb 主動(dòng)詞 main verb 及物動(dòng)詞 transitive verb 不及物動(dòng)詞 intransitive verb 系動(dòng)詞 link verb 助動(dòng)詞 auxiliary verb 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 modal verb 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 regular verb 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 irregular verb 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 phrasal verb 限定動(dòng)詞 finite verb 非限定動(dòng)詞 infinite verb 使役動(dòng)詞 causative verb 感官動(dòng)詞 verb of senses 動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞 event verb 靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞 state verb 感嘆詞 exclamation 形容詞 adjective 副詞 adverb 方式副詞 adverb of manner 程度副詞 adverb of degree 時(shí)間副詞 adverb of time 地點(diǎn)副詞 adverb of place 修飾性副詞 adjunct 連接性副詞 conjunct 疑問(wèn)副詞 interogative adverb 關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb 代詞 pronoun 人稱代詞 personal pronoun 物主代詞 possesive pronoun 反身代詞 reflexive pronoun 相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun 指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun 疑問(wèn)代詞 interrogative pronoun 關(guān)系代詞 relative pronoun 不定代詞 indefinite pronoun 物主代詞 possecive pronoun 名詞性物主代詞 nominal possesive prnoun 形容詞性物主代詞 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠詞 article 定冠詞 definite article 不定冠詞 indefinite article 數(shù)詞 numeral 基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral 序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral 分?jǐn)?shù)詞 fractional numeral 形式 form 單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 限定動(dòng)詞 finite verb form 非限定動(dòng)詞 non-finite verb form 原形 base form 從句 clause 從屬句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名詞從句 nominal clause 定語(yǔ)從句 attributive clause 狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause 賓語(yǔ)從句 object clause 主語(yǔ)從句 subject clause 同位語(yǔ)從句 appositive clause 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of time 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of place 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of manner 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of concession 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of cause 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of result 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of purpose 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of condition 真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of real condition 非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄條件句 adverbial clause of implied condition 錯(cuò)綜條件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子 sentence 簡(jiǎn)單句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 復(fù)合句 complex sentence 并列復(fù)合句 compound complex sentence 陳述句 declarative sentence 疑問(wèn)句 interrogative sentence 一般疑問(wèn)句 general question 特殊疑問(wèn)句 special question 選擇疑問(wèn)句 alternative question 附加疑問(wèn)句 tag question 反義疑問(wèn)句 disjunctive question 修辭疑問(wèn)句 rhetorical question 感嘆疑問(wèn)句 exclamatory question 存在句 existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence 基本句型 basic sentence patern 否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence 感嘆句 exclamatory sentence 句子成分 members of sentences 主語(yǔ) subject 謂語(yǔ) predicate 賓語(yǔ) object 雙賓語(yǔ) dual object 直接賓語(yǔ) direct object 間接賓語(yǔ) indirect object 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) complex object 同源賓語(yǔ) cognate object 補(bǔ)語(yǔ) complement 主補(bǔ) subject complement 賓補(bǔ) object complement 表語(yǔ) predicative 定語(yǔ) attribute 同位語(yǔ) appositive 狀語(yǔ) adverbial 句法關(guān)系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate 從屬 subordination 修飾 modification 前置修飾 pre-modification 后置修飾 post-modification 限制 restriction 雙重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction 數(shù) number 單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 規(guī)則形式 regular form 不規(guī)則形式 irregular form 格 case 普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 賓格 objective case 性 gender 陽(yáng)性 masculine 陰性 feminine 通性 common 中性 neuter 人稱 person 第一人稱 first person 第二人稱 second person 第三人稱 third person 時(shí)態(tài) tense 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) past future tense 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) past future continuous tense 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) past future perfect tense 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) present simple tense 一般過(guò)去時(shí) past simple tense 一般將來(lái)時(shí) future simple tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) past perfect tense 過(guò)去完成時(shí) present perfect tense 將來(lái)完成時(shí) future perfect tense 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) present continuous tense 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) past continuous tense 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) future continuous tense 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) past future continuous tense 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) present perfect continuous tense 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) past perfect continuous tense 語(yǔ)態(tài) voice 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) active voice 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) passive voice 語(yǔ)氣 mood 陳述語(yǔ)氣 indicative mood 祈使語(yǔ)氣 imperative mood 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 subjunctive mood 否定 negation 否定范圍 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation 轉(zhuǎn)移否定 shift of negation 語(yǔ)序 order 自然語(yǔ)序 natural order 倒裝語(yǔ)序 inversion 全部倒裝 full inversion 部分倒裝 partial inversion 直接引語(yǔ) direct speech 間接引語(yǔ) indirect speech 自由直接引語(yǔ) free direct speech 自由間接引語(yǔ) free indirect speech 一致 agreement 主謂一致 subject-predicate agreement 語(yǔ)法一致 grammatical agreement 概念一致 notional agreement 就近原則 principle of proximity 強(qiáng)調(diào) emphasis 重復(fù) repetition 語(yǔ)音 pronunciation 語(yǔ)調(diào) tone 升調(diào) rising tone 降調(diào) falling tone 降升調(diào) falling-rising tone 文體 style 正式文體 formal 非正式文體 informal 口語(yǔ) spoken/oral English 套語(yǔ) formulistic expression 英國(guó)英語(yǔ) British English 美國(guó)英語(yǔ) American English 用法 usage 感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒義 commendatory 貶義 derogatory 幽默 humorous 諷刺 sarcastic 挖苦 ironic