這個(gè)家族的前綴不僅意思多,而且詞匯量也非常大,更重要的是這個(gè)前綴派生出來(lái)的詞匯是我們考試經(jīng)常考到的,下面對(duì)這個(gè)前綴的意思進(jìn)行分類整理如下: 詞源:prefix meaning "across, beyond, to go beyond," from Latin trans-, from prep. trans "across, over, beyond," probably originally present participle of a verb *trare-, meaning "to cross" (see through). 前綴trans來(lái)源于拉丁語(yǔ),意為“across”,還有“through, over, beyond, change,intensive”等含義。下面重點(diǎn)看一下trans的主要意思“across”。 1.橫穿,到那邊,穿過(guò),徑直 transparent, translucent, transverse 2.十字交叉,分叉 intransigent, transform, traduce 3.使理解,達(dá)到期望的狀態(tài) transcribe 另外,前綴trans還有以下變形 1.tran [在輔音字母q,s前] tranquility, transcend 2.tra [在輔音字母d,j.v和元音字母i前] trajectory, travesty, traitor 3. tres,treas trespass, treason 1.transform [trans( =change) +form(=form)變換模樣] v. change the shape.a(chǎn)ppearance.quality or nature of 使變形,改變,變換 transformation n.變形,轉(zhuǎn)變 ; transformer n. 變壓器;促使變化的人(物) transformable adj. 可變形的 舉例: Two weeks in the hot sun on a Mexican beach will transform you. 在墨西哥海邊熾熱的太陽(yáng)下度過(guò)兩周,你會(huì)有所改變。 2.transgress [trans( =over, across) +gress[=go)越過(guò)去] vt. go beyond a limit or bound; break a law, treaty, or agreement 超過(guò)(限制、范圍等):違反(法律、條約、合同等) transgression 違反,犯罪;(宗教、道德上的)罪 ;transgressor 違庋者;罪人 舉例: lt's not my habit to transgress the law, but I do smoke marijuana now and then. 我不是習(xí)慣性地違法,不過(guò)我確實(shí)偶爾會(huì)吸大麻。 3.transmit [trans(=over,across) + mit( = send)輸送過(guò)去] vt. send; pass on news, information, etc.; permit light, heat, electricity, etc. to pass through; hand down something from parents to children 傳遞;播送;傳送(光、熱、電等),傳導(dǎo);遺傳(給子孫) transmission 傳遞;傳達(dá);傳導(dǎo);發(fā)報(bào);遺傳;(汽車的)變速器 transmitter 傳遞者;傳達(dá)者;傳導(dǎo)體;話筒;發(fā)報(bào)機(jī) 舉例: Long documents can easily be transmitted over the Internet. 長(zhǎng)篇幅的文件可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)輕松傳送。 4.transparent [trans( =through, across) +par( =appear)通過(guò)某種東西出現(xiàn)、顯示到那邊] adj. allowing light to pass through; about which there can be no mistake or doubt 迸明的;清澈的;明白無(wú)誤的 transparency/transparence 透明(性);明了;幻燈片 舉例: The tran8sparent turquoise waters of the Caribbean are spectacular. 加勒比海清澈的藍(lán)綠色海水非常壯觀。 5.trespass [tres<trans( =over, across) +pass( =stride, step) 闊步前進(jìn)過(guò)去] vi. on+sth go on to privately owned land; infringe on; sin 擅自進(jìn)入;侵犯,侵害;冒犯;犯罪 n. an encroachment or intrusion;a moral offense 侵入,侵害;打擾,妨礙;過(guò)失;罪過(guò) trespasser 侵害者;入侵者 舉例: Your cattle keep trespassing onto my land, and l'm tired of it. 你的??偸桥艿轿业牡乩飦?lái),我真是煩透了。 詞根 1.form (=form) formulate (明確)系統(tǒng)地表達(dá) conform 遵從;使適應(yīng) *con<com( =together) dotorm 使成畸形;使變形 *de (=away) 2. gress ( =go) egress 出路 *e<ex(=out) progressive 前進(jìn)的;進(jìn)步的 *pro(=forward) retrogress 退回:退化 *retro( =backward) 3.mit(=send) admittance 入場(chǎng)(許可),進(jìn)入 *ad( =to) emit 發(fā)散 *e<ex( =out) permit 許可 *per( =through) 4.par(=appear) apparition 幽靈,鬼怪 *ap<ad(=to,near) apparently 顯然地;外觀上地 *ap<ad(=to,near) disappear 消失 *dis(=not),ap<ad(=to,near) 5.pass(=stride,step) passer-by 過(guò)路人 passimeter 自動(dòng)售票機(jī) pastime 娛樂(lè) 6.transition [trans( =over) +it( =go)越過(guò)去) n. a passing from one condition, period, form, stage, activity, place, etc. to another 過(guò)渡,過(guò)渡期;變化,變遷 舉例: The old currency will be used concurrently with the new during a transition period. 在過(guò)渡期新舊貨幣將同時(shí)使用。 7.tranquillity [tran<trans( =intensive) +qui( =quiet, rest)完全安靜的、平穩(wěn)的狀態(tài)] n. the state of freeing from disturbance or agitation, calmness 平靜;平穩(wěn);安寧 tranquil 平靜的;平穩(wěn)的;鎮(zhèn)定的 tranquilizer 鎮(zhèn)靜劑,精神安定劑 tranquilize 便平靜;使鎮(zhèn)定 舉例: The tranquility here at Loon Lake is marvelous. 盧恩湖非常平靜。 8.transpire [tran<trans( =through) +spir( =breathe) 通過(guò)某種東西呼吸或者小聲說(shuō)話] vi. become public or come to be known 事件、秘密被發(fā)現(xiàn),被知道 vt. give off moisture or pass off vapor 身體、植物散發(fā)水分或蒸汽,排出 transpiration 散發(fā),蒸發(fā) 舉例: After an investigation, it transpired that her own son-in-law had taken the watch. 調(diào)查表明,是她的女婿拿了手表。 9. transcend [tran<trans( =over,beyond) +scend( =climb)越過(guò)某物上來(lái)] vt. go beyond 超越(人類經(jīng)驗(yàn)、理性、信仰、描述能力等的范圍);優(yōu)于 transcendent 出眾的,卓越的 transcendental 先驗(yàn)的;超自然的 transcendence/transcendency 卓越;超越 舉例:You can transcend your shyness by doing these exercises daily. 休每天做這些練習(xí)可以克服羞怯。 10.transcribe [tran<trans( =across) +scrib( =write)寫(xiě)得使人明白、達(dá)到期望狀態(tài)] vt. copy; make a recording of something for broadcasting 抄寫(xiě);播送錄音(錄像);編曲 transcript(學(xué)校的)成績(jī)單;副本,謄本 transcription 抄寫(xiě);副本,謄本;播送錄音(錄像) 舉例:I record my professor's lectures and transcribe them at home. 我把教授講的課錄下來(lái)之后回家再聽(tīng)。 詞根 1.it(=go) ambit 周圍,范圍,界限 *amb<ambi( =around) circuit 巡回,迂同;電路 *circ( =around) iteration 重復(fù),反復(fù) 2.qui(=quiet,rest) acquiesce 默認(rèn) *ac<ad( =to) acquit 赦免,宣告無(wú)罪 *ac<ad( =to) quioscence 靜止;沉默 3.spir(=breathe) expiration 終了,滿期,完結(jié) *ex( =out) inspiration 靈感 *in(=in) perspiration 汗水;(要出汗的)努力 *per(=through) 4.scend(=climb) ascendancy 優(yōu)勢(shì);優(yōu)越 *a<ad( =to) descendant 子孫;后裔 *de(=down) descent 下降;血統(tǒng);襲擊;突然來(lái)訪 *de(=down) 5.scrib(=write) scribbler 三流作家 subscriber 捐獻(xiàn)者;訂閱者;訂購(gòu)者 *sub(=under) 鞏固練習(xí):詞綴trans-在線練習(xí)一、trans-在線練習(xí)二