afraid

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) [??fre?d]
• 美式音標(biāo) [??fre?d]
• 國(guó)際音標(biāo) [?'freid]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• adj.抱歉的；擔(dān)心的；害怕的

詞源解說(shuō)

• 15世紀(jì)初期進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自盎格魯法語(yǔ)的afrayer，意為驚恐；最初源自古法語(yǔ)的esfreer。

同根派生

• afraid

• afraid相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

adj. (形容詞)

• afraid的基本含義是“害怕”,泛指一種恐懼心理,或者用于表示習(xí)慣的、經(jīng)常的懦弱或怯弱,并帶有因“畏懼”而行動(dòng)不靈活或談吐不順暢之意。afraid也可表示“擔(dān)憂”或“憂慮”某事物可能產(chǎn)生的后果,即“恐怕”。afraid還可以表示“擔(dān)心”某人〔事物〕會(huì)遇到危險(xiǎn)。
• afraid是表語(yǔ)形容詞,即一般不用在名詞前面作定語(yǔ)。作“害怕”解時(shí)其后可接of (sb/sth/ v -ing)引起的短語(yǔ),也可接動(dòng)詞不定式和that(常省略)從句,從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬式。作“擔(dān)心”解時(shí)其后可接for引起的短語(yǔ)。
• afraid在句中間或可用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。由afraid構(gòu)成的形容詞短語(yǔ)在句中還可用作狀語(yǔ)。
• I am afraid...是口語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一種固定搭配(只用單數(shù)第一人稱一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))?？捎脕?lái)表示推測(cè)(suppose)、歉意(Excuse me…)、婉拒(I'm sorry but…)或者引出不好的消息(sorry to have to say)。其作用在于使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)和緩。其位置可在句首,也可在句末。
• 在回答別人問(wèn)話時(shí)afraid后可用so或not替代問(wèn)句中的肯定式或否定式賓語(yǔ)。
• afraid不可用very修飾,但可用much或very much修飾。
• afraid的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是more afraid和most afraid。
• much afraid, very much afraid和very afraid都指“很害怕”，但因afraid是表語(yǔ)形容詞，very afraid的表達(dá)方式不妥當(dāng)。使用最普遍的是very much afraid，等同于afraid的定語(yǔ)形容詞是frightened；

• afraid使用方法
• afraid詳細(xì)辨析

英漢例句

用作形容詞 (adj.)

用作表語(yǔ): S+be+～

• Don't be afraid.
  別怕。

S+be+～+for n./pron.

• The mother is very much afraid for her son who is seriously ill.
  母親很擔(dān)心自己的兒子,他病得很重。

S+be+～+of n./pron.

• Are you afraid of him?
  你怕他嗎?

S+be+～+of v -ing

• I am afraid of hurting her feelings.
  我怕傷害她的感情。

S+be+～+of wh-clause

• She was afraid of what he might say.
  她生怕他會(huì)說(shuō)漏了嘴。

S+be+～+to- v

• He is afraid to jump.
  他不敢跳。

S+be+～+(that-)/wh-clause

• The little girl was afraid that she will die.
  那小姑娘擔(dān)心自己會(huì)死。

I am afraid+(that-)clause

• I am afraid (that) it is true.
  恐怕這是真的。

S+be+～+so/not

• “Do you think it'll rain again today?”“Yes,I am afraid so.”
  “你認(rèn)為今天還會(huì)下雨嗎?”“恐怕會(huì)的。”

用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): S+V+O+～

• Nothing can make me afraid.
  什么東西都不能使我害怕。

用作狀語(yǔ): adj. -phrase,+S+V

• Afraid for their own lives,Duncan's two sons fled.
  鄧肯的兩個(gè)兒子擔(dān)心自己性命難保,就逃走了。

• afraid更多例句

詞組短語(yǔ)

用作形容詞 (adj.)

動(dòng)詞+～

• be afraid 害怕
• look afraid 顯得害怕;看上去很害怕
• seem afraid 好像害怕

副詞+～

• half afraid 有點(diǎn)怕
• not a bit afraid 一點(diǎn)不怕
• awfully afraid 非常害怕

• afraid更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (FEAR) feeling fear, or feeling worry about the possible results of a particular situation
• (SORRY) used to politely introduce bad news or disagreement

柯林斯英英字典

• If you are afraid of someone or afraid to do something, you are frightened because you think that something very unpleasant is going to happen to you.
• If you are afraid for someone else, you are worried that something horrible is going to happen to them.
• If you are afraid that something unpleasant will happen, you are worried that it may happen and you want to avoid it.
• If you want to apologize to someone or to disagree with them in a polite way, you can say I'm afraid.

• afraid劍橋字典
• afraid柯林斯字典

專(zhuān)業(yè)釋義

心理學(xué)

• 害怕的

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

• 擔(dān)心的