else

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

else的基本意思是“另外的”“別的”“除去”“其他”。有時(shí)也可表示“否則”“要不然”,它是or else省略or的用法。在日?？谡Z中, else有時(shí)用在句中僅起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,而實(shí)際上它并沒有增添什么新意思。
else用來修飾疑問代詞(who, whose, what, whoever, whatever)或疑問副詞(why, when, where, how),以及以any-, every-, some-, no-與-body,-one,-thing, -where 合成的復(fù)合不定代詞和much, little, all, a great〔good〕 deal等數(shù)量詞,在句中作后置定語,但在which后不可用else。
當(dāng)all, a good〔great〕 deal, a lot, a little, much等與else連用作主語時(shí),謂語動詞須用單數(shù)形式。
當(dāng)else后面跟著but, except或besides和一個(gè)賓語時(shí), else是多余的,應(yīng)刪去。
在比較句中,如果比較的主體和比較的對象屬同一類,而比較的對象又是all, everyone, anybody等詞時(shí),必須加else以排除比較的主體。
else的所有格形式是else's,但與someone或anyone連用時(shí),應(yīng)說someone else's,不能說someone's else。
else無比較級和最高級形式。

used after words beginning with any-, every-, no-, and some-, or after how, what, where, who, why, but not which, to mean 'other', 'another', 'different', 'extra'

You use else after words such as "anywhere," "someone," and "what" to refer in a vague way to another person, place, or thing.
Else is also an adverb.
You use else after words such as "everyone," "everything," and "everywhere" to refer in a vague way to all the other people, things, or places except the one you are talking about.
Else is also an adverb.
You use or else after stating a logical conclusion, to indicate that what you are about to say is evidence for that conclusion.
You use or else to introduce a statement that indicates the unpleasant results that will occur if someone does or does not do something.
You use or else to introduce the second of two possibilities when you do not know which one is true.
Above all else is used to emphasize that a particular thing is more important than other things.
You can say "if nothing else" to indicate that what you are mentioning is, in your opinion, the only good thing in a particular situation.
You say "or else" after a command to warn someone that if they do not obey, you will be angry and may harm or punish them.