excess reserves

基本解釋

Since only $10 mustbe held against the new $100 in deposits, $90 is excess reserves and can giverise to $900 of additional deposits(7).
既然為新的100美元的存款只需要保留10美元，90美元都是超額準(zhǔn)備金并可以生出900美元的新存款（7）。
In this case the central bank — by increasing excess reserves — would de facto monetize commercial bank liabilities and thus increase the outstanding stock of money.
在這種情況下，央行通過增加超額準(zhǔn)備金，實際上等于將商業(yè)銀行的負(fù)債貨幣化，從而增加貨幣流通量。
In the first stage of the process, total loans anddeposits of the banks rise by an amount equal to the excess reserves existingbefore any loans were made (90 percent of the initial deposit increase).
在該過程的第一階段，總貸款與銀行存款增加，數(shù)量等于在任何貸款以前的超額準(zhǔn)備金（開戶存款基礎(chǔ)上增加的90%）。

T-Bills are purchased by Depository Institutions, who pay for them with Excess Reserves, or Vault Cash.
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But deregulated outfits like Enron are less likely to store excess reserves in the ground.
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First, neither excess reserves nor the monetary base (currency plus bank reserves) are money.
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