常見例句雙語例句That’s not a paradox, because rising wages have an income as well as a substitution effect.這不是悖論，是因為工資增長有收入效應(yīng)還有替代效應(yīng)。Then the paper shows that the substitution effect of price variance can't be determined if only partial Marshallian demand functions are given.說明了僅給出部份馬歇爾需求函數(shù)的條件下，價格變化的替代效應(yīng)是無法確定的。However, the latter effect may be negative via the substitution effect as, with a delay, imports may substitute for domestically produced goods.但是，當(dāng)由于延誤而可能用進口替代國產(chǎn)品的時候，后者影響通過替代效應(yīng)卻可以是消極的。210.34.157.47權(quán)威例句With loans and other forms of finance, the substitution effect has long been the rule.FORBESWell, we had the chance to shrink banks by virtue of letting the substitution effect take place whereby institutions outside of finance would take their place.FORBES 返回 substitution effect