avoid

音標發(fā)音

1300年左右進入英語，直接源自盎格魯法語的avoider，意爲清理，退出；最初源自古法語的esvuidier：es (出） + vuidier (空的），意爲倒空。

avoid的基本意思是避開不希望發(fā)生的、不願忍受的或不想遇上的事情。有時含有先見之明的意味。引申可表示“預防”或“防止”發(fā)生某事物。avoid所表達的意圖縂是達成的,否則就須用try。
avoid是及物動詞,可接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語,不接動詞不定式,可用於被動結(jié)搆。
avoid後可接動名詞，不可接不定式。You had better avoid reading in the train. 句中的reading不可改成to read。
avoid指“避免（成功）”，若是企圖避免卻失敗的，不可用avoid。I avoided meeting him, but somehow bumped against him. 句中我企圖避免見他，卻還是撞上了，不可單用avoid，需把avoided改成tried to avoid。
指得注意的是，“避免”和“防止”有這本質(zhì)上的區(qū)別，兩者不可混用。

If you avoid something unpleasant that might happen, you take action in order to prevent it from happening.
If you avoid doing something, you choose not to do it, or you put yourself in a situation where you do not have to do it.
If you avoid a person or thing, you keep away from them. When talking to someone, if you avoid the subject, you keep the conversation away from a particular topic.
If a person or vehicle avoids someone or something, they change the direction they are moving in, so that they do not hit them.

槼避
In order to effectively avoid risks, financial futures came into being.
爲了有傚槼避風險,金融期貨應(yīng)運而生。
廢止

避免
Purification with reducing reagent may avoid the forming of polar groups on the surface of CNTs.
如果用還原法如氫氣還原純化CNTs，則可避免極性基團的生成。