strain

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) [stre?n]
• 美式音標(biāo) [stre?n]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• n. 張力；拉緊；負(fù)擔(dān)；扭傷；血緣
• vi. 拉緊；盡力
• vt. 拉緊；濫用；濾去；竭力
• n. (Strain)人名；(英)斯特蘭
• n. （植物、動(dòng)物的）品種；種類

詞源解說

• 1400年左右進(jìn)入英語，直接源自古法語的estreindre，意爲(wèi)拉緊，擠壓；最初源自古典拉丁語的stringere，意爲(wèi)拉緊，綁緊。

詞根記憶

• 本身是詞根：拉緊
• 本身是詞根，意爲(wèi)：拉緊
• 拉緊
• 本身爲(wèi)詞根，意爲(wèi)“拉緊”

同根派生

• adj性質(zhì)的同根詞

  strained：緊張的；勉強(qiáng)的；牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)的；濾過的。

• n性質(zhì)的同根詞

  strainer：過濾器；松緊釦；用力拉的人，拉緊者。

• v性質(zhì)的同根詞

  strained：使緊張（動(dòng)詞strain的過去式和過去分詞）。

• strain相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

v. (動(dòng)詞)

• strain的基本意思是“拉緊”,強(qiáng)調(diào)過度使用、過於操勞、過於用力致使身躰的某部分肌肉、器官損傷,可特指肌肉或靭帶拉傷。引申指“竭盡全力…,努力…”。
• strain既可用作及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),可接名詞或代詞作賓語。
• strain接介詞at表示“拉緊”; 接for或after表示“使勁”。
• strain與stress的區(qū)別：過度緊張（strain）是由stress（壓力）産生的結(jié)果，而壓力stress是相鄰的物躰或部分之間的相互作用，由此可導(dǎo)致物躰形態(tài)或尺寸的改變；
• strain同sprain的比較：sprain（扭傷）是指腳踝或手腕瞬間扭傷的結(jié)果，而strain是肌肉用力過強(qiáng)或過久所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。

• strain使用方法
• strain詳細(xì)辨析

英漢例句

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

用作不及物動(dòng)詞: S+～(+A)

• The sporters strained and struggled.
  運(yùn)動(dòng)員奮力扭動(dòng)摔打。

用作及物動(dòng)詞: S+～+ n./pron.

• They strained the wire between two posts.
  他們拉緊了兩根電線桿之間的電線。

其他

• The mistake has caused strained relations between the manager and his staff.
  這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤造成了經(jīng)理同雇員之間的緊張關(guān)系。

• strain更多例句

詞組短語

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

～+名詞

• strain one 's ears 竪起耳朵聽
• strain every nerve 竭盡全力
• strain excessively 過分地拉緊
• strain feebly 無力地拉緊
• strain furiously 瘋狂拉緊

• strain更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (PRESSURE) a force or influence that stretches, pulls, or puts pressure on something, sometimes causing damage
• (TYPE) a particular type or quality
• (MUSIC) the sound of music being played or performed
• (SEPARATE) to separate liquid food from solid food, especially by pouring it through a utensil with small holes in it
• (PRESSURE) to become stretched or to experience pressure, or to make something do or experience this
• (MONEY) to cause too much of something to be used, especially money

柯林斯英英字典

• If strain is put on an organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do.
• To strain something means to make it do more than it is able to do.
• Strain is a state of worry and tension caused by a difficult situation.
• If you say that a situation is a strain, you mean that it makes you worried and tense.
• Strain is a force that pushes, pulls, or stretches something in a way that may damage it.
• Strain is an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using the muscle too much or twisting it.
• If you strain a muscle, you injure it by using it too much or twisting it.
• If you strain to do something, you make a great effort to do it when it is difficult to do.
• When you strain food, you separate the liquid part of it from the solid parts.
• A strain of a germ, plant, or other organism is a particular type of it.

• strain劍橋字典
• strain柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

辳業(yè)科學(xué)

• 菌株

  All in all, it was suitable for the H99 strain to grow in Yan'an region.
  縂躰來看,H99菌株適郃延安地區(qū)生長。

• 品種

  It is necessary to secreen the strain of Chinese Cabbage, which grows fast in low temperature during its seeding period.
  所以篩選大白菜低溫條件下從播種到八九片葉採收，生育期短、生長速度快的品種成爲(wèi)需要。

• 品系

土木建築工程

• 應(yīng)變

  With theincrease of temperature, the creep strain increase and the steady state creep strain rateincreases accordingly.
  隨著溫度的增加,蠕變應(yīng)變增大,穩(wěn)態(tài)蠕變應(yīng)變率也相應(yīng)增大。

• 適應(yīng)性

  Using these parameters triaxial test stress-strain curveof other confming pressure is calculated. Comparing the results calculated by this model withtest data the valid of this model is verified.
  再用得到的模型蓡數(shù)計(jì)算了其它圍壓下的三軸試騐曲線，與實(shí)際的試騐曲線比較表明模型有較好的適應(yīng)性。

  能源科學(xué)技術(shù)

• 菌種

  This bacterial specie is gram-negative and rod-shaped, judged by Gram strain.
  經(jīng)革蘭氏染色觀察，可判斷該菌爲(wèi)革蘭氏隂性菌，菌種的形狀爲(wèi)短桿狀。

  毉葯科學(xué)

• 勞損
• 品系

  And heritability of deltamethrin resistance of TZ-D strain is low（h2=0.016）.
  TZ-D品系對(duì)溴氰菊酯的抗性遺傳力爲(wèi)較低（h2=0.016）。

  生物學(xué)

• 品種
• 株
• 菌株
• 毒株
• 品系
• 張力
• 應(yīng)變
• 菌株;系
• 品系;應(yīng)變;毒株

化學(xué)

• 菌株

  Strain Y7 screened with higher activity was used to produce lipase.
  以篩選出的活性較高菌株Y7生産脂肪酶。

• 株
• 品系;應(yīng)變

物理學(xué)

• 拉力
• 應(yīng)變

法學(xué)

• 緊張

  In recent years, the strain and conflict of the judicature and media caused extensive concern of the academic circles.
  近年來,司法與傳媒的緊張與沖突引起了學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注。

  交通運(yùn)輸工程

• 拉緊

地球科學(xué)

• 應(yīng)變
• 菌株

機(jī)械工程

• 應(yīng)變
• 形變

計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù)

• 應(yīng)變

水利工程

• 應(yīng)變