動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞后綴-le意為"repetition,pertaining to ,that which"。這個(gè)后綴-le有三層含義：（1）屬于動(dòng)詞后綴，表示“反復(fù)或連續(xù)動(dòng)作、動(dòng)作的小幅度重復(fù)”；（2）屬于名詞后綴表示“小”，表示“做某種動(dòng)作時(shí)所使用的東西，或某種動(dòng)作的結(jié)果”。 1.coddle v. treat with great care and tenderness,pamper 悉心照料；嬌生慣養(yǎng),溺愛(ài) 例句：His mother coddled him too much,so he never learned discipline.他媽媽太嬌慣她了，所以，一點(diǎn)都不懂規(guī)矩。 2.dawdle v.be slow;waste time 游手好閑，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 例句：Every time she passed the janitor,sister Teresa would say "don't dawdle,Mr.Jones."。特雷莎修女每次經(jīng)看門人時(shí)都會(huì)說(shuō)：“別虛度光陰，瓊斯先生。” 3.dwindle v. become less or smaller by degrees 逐漸減少，縮小 例句：South Korea's farmland dwindles by 3-4% each year as more and more is developed.隨著越來(lái)越多的農(nóng)田被開發(fā)利用，韓國(guó)農(nóng)田每年都減少3-4倍。 4.fickle adj. often changing;not constant感情，天氣等易變的；變幻無(wú)常的 例句：The taste of the public is so fickle that a TV performer who is a big hit one season may be out of a job the next.大眾品位如此多變，上一季走紅的電視演員很可能在下一季沒(méi)有工作了。 5.grapple v. seize firmly;struggle with somebody or something at close quarters;try to deal with a problem etc.抓住，抓緊；格斗；設(shè)法解決問(wèn)題 n.coming to grips 抓；搏斗；抓鉤 例句：The government,grappling with a $12.8 billion debt,is not likely to approve funding for the project.政府目前正在設(shè)法解決128美元債務(wù)的問(wèn)題，所以不大可能同意為此項(xiàng)目資金。 6.haggle v. argue or dispute especially the price of something or the terms of a bargain 爭(zhēng)論，計(jì)價(jià)還價(jià) 例句：The prices marked on the goods are not fixed and with a little haggling it's possible to get them reduced by fifty percent or more.商品上所標(biāo)示的價(jià)格并非固定不變的，可以通過(guò)討價(jià)還價(jià)將價(jià)格降低50%或更多。 7.hurtle v. rush or fly violently 猛沖，碰撞；急飛 例句：The explosion sent huge metal pieces of the truck hurting through the air.爆炸使卡車巨大的金屬碎片彈到了空中。 8.jostle v.push roughly against;push 撞；推擠 例句：Expect to be jostled as you make your way into the crowded subway train.預(yù)想一下，擠進(jìn)地鐵時(shí)你會(huì)被人推擠碰撞。 9.wrangle v.take part in a noisy or angry argument 吵架 例句：Ranch workers gather here to drink beers,tell stories and ,of course ,to wrangle.牧場(chǎng)的工人聚集在這里喝酒、聊天，當(dāng)然也會(huì)發(fā)生口角。 10.topple v. (cause to) be unsteady and overturn (使)傾倒，(使)跌倒；顛覆 例句：In 1973,the military failed twice to topple the Sanchez government.1973年軍隊(duì)再次試圖顛覆桑切斯政府，但都以失敗告終。 11.squabble n. noisy quarrel about something trivial (為瑣事)爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)論 例句:My neighbors' constant squabbles forced me to move out.鄰居經(jīng)常爭(zhēng)吵迫使我不得不搬走。 12.rubble n.bits of broken stone,rock or brickwork碎石,瓦礫 例句：Within seconds the once posh Sam Poong Department Store was reduced to rubble.在幾秒鐘內(nèi)，曾經(jīng)豪華一時(shí)的三豐百貨商場(chǎng)就化作了碎石。