en-是個來源于古法語的前綴,但其前身卻是拉丁語的in-,原意是in或into。在現(xiàn)代英語構(gòu)詞中,en-是個動詞性的派生前綴。它與名詞或形容詞相綴合,構(gòu)成動詞,其意思相當(dāng)于to put into(使...置于...)或to make(使...)。em-是en-的異體,只出現(xiàn)在唇輔音字母b,p與m之前。此外,前綴en-還有一個同義前綴be,也具有“使動”的含義。 例子: 1.empower [(em<en(=make) +pot<pot( =powerful)使強有力] vt.give power or authority to act 授權(quán)… empowerment 授予權(quán)力,授權(quán) 舉例: The feminist movement empowored millions of women in America. 女權(quán)運動在美國鼓舞了數(shù)百萬女性。 2.encompass [(en( =make) +com( =together)+pass( =stride, step)使一起大步行走] vt. include; encircle, surround entirely, envelop 包含;圍繞,包圍;包裝 encompassment 圍繞,包圍;包括 舉例: My CD collection encompasses a wide range of musical genres. 我收集的CD里包含各種類型的音樂。 3.encounter [(en( =make) +counter( =against)使面對面] vt. find oneself faced by danger, difficulties, etc.; meet enemies; meet a friend,etc. unexpectedly 遏到危險、困難等;遭遇敵人;意外地遇見朋友等,偶然相遇,碰見 n. a sudden, unexpected meeting with someone or something 意外的相遇,遭遇;沖突,對抗,決戰(zhàn) 舉例:I never expeected to encounter so many regulations. 我沒有預(yù)料到我會碰到這么多的制約。 4.emblem [(em<en( =in) +bl <bol( =throw)向里邊扔] n. symbol; badge 象征.標(biāo)志;徽章 emblematic 象征性的 舉例: In most cultures, the dove is seen as an emblem of peace. 在大多數(shù)文化中鴿子都被看作是和平的象征。 5.enchant [(en( =in)+chant<cant( =sing)在里邊歌唱] vt. fascinate; delight; transport; use magic on, bewitch 著迷;欣喜;使恍惚;施魔法 enchantment 著迷;恍惚;著魔 enchanter 魔法師;便人著迷者 enchantress 女巫;迷人的女人 enchanting 著迷的 enchanted 入迷的,著了魔的 enchantingly 入迷地 舉例: Fairy tales with trolls always enchant my children. 出現(xiàn)侏儒(或巨人,生活在北歐地下洞穴里)的童話總是能使我的孩子們著迷。 6.entreat [(en( =in)+treat( =draw)在里邊拉、拽] vt. ask someone earnestly; implore懇請;乞求 entreaty懇求,哀求,懇請,乞求 entreating 懇求的,乞求的 entreatingly 哀求地 舉例: The policeman entraated the suspect to surrender without violence. 警察懇請嫌疑人投降,而不要暴力反抗。 7.embargo [(em<en (=in)+bar (=bar)在某物里放人障礙物、棍子] n. a restriction put on trade by law;a government order that ships must not enter or leave its ports; any restriction 禁止通商;禁止船只出入港口;禁止 vt. lay ships under an embargo; put an embargo on trade 禁運;禁止通商 舉例: The U.S. has long enforced a trade ernbargo against Cuba. 英國長期對古巴強制施行了貿(mào)易禁運政策。 8.embody [(em<en (=give)+body (=body)給身體] vt. give form to ideas, feeling, etc.:include; comprise; clothe a spirit with a body 具體表達(dá)思想、情感等,具體體現(xiàn);包含;賦予靈魂以肉體 embodiment 具體化,化身 舉例: Children embody a kind of innocent joy that adults can rarely experience. 孩子們會表現(xiàn)出一種純真的快樂,而這是大人極少體驗到的。 9.encroach [en(=in)+croach<croch( =hook,bend)像鉤子一樣蜷縮在里邊] vi. on+sth go beyond what is right or natural or desirable; trespass on the rights 侵入,侵蝕;侵害權(quán)利等 encroachment 侵入,侵害,侵蝕 舉例: Suburban creep is encroaching on the family farm where I grew up. 郊區(qū)的小偷正在侵害我曾經(jīng)生潘過的家族農(nóng)場。 10.endow [(en (=in) + dow<don ( =give)給里邊] vt. sb+with+sth give money, property, etc.for a college,a hospital, etc.; be born with qualities, etc.(向醫(yī)院、學(xué)校等)捐贈;天生賦予某種資質(zhì) endowment 捐贈,捐助(款),捐贈的基金;(pl.)天賦,天資 舉例:The business tycoon endowed a professorship in the university's business school. 那位商業(yè)大亨資助了這所大學(xué)商學(xué)院的一個教授職位。